Performance tuning of pid controllers using genetic algorithm

Abstract

In this paper, determining the optimal proportional-integral-derivative gains of a temperature control system like oven is presented. Certain amount of heat is needed to transfer the heat by conduction and convection inside the oven. This transfer of heat requires a delay or transportation lag. So, this delay or transportation lag is overcome with the help of controller tuning using Genetic Algorithm. Using the conventional tuning methods for PID controller like Zeigler-Nichols, the performance of the plant does improve. But when system parameters are constantly changing, an optimal tuning method like Genetic Algorithm helps. The work has been conducted in MATLAB. A comparison is shown in the step response obtained from tuning by Zeigler Nichols and Genetic Algorithm.
Keywords: P, I, D, PID, Rise Time, overshoot, settling time, Genetic Algorithm(GA) and Zeigler-Nichols method(Z-N)