Tuning of PID Controller using Soft Computing Methodology

Abstract

This paper presented potential of soft computing technique for tuning of Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller [1]. The paper reveals that soft computing approach is much efficient as compared to other conventional approach of tuning of PID controller. The PID controller is the very commonly used compensating controller for in nonlinear systems. This controller is widely used in many different areas like aerospace, process control, manufacturing, and automation. The design of the controller is based on their precise mathematical models, which are usually very difficult to achieve owing to the complexity, nonlinearity, time varying and incomplete characteristics of the existing practical systems. Therefore, it needs an efficient method to control the different parameters of the plant. There are various soft computing techniques which are used for tuning of PID controller. Tuning of PID parameters is important because these parameters have a great effect on the stability and performance of the control system. The aim of the work described in this paper is to illustrate the improvement of response of the system by optimizing the PID controllers using genetic algorithms. In the conclusion, by a comparative analysis between the conventional PID tuning methods and optimization carried out using genetic algorithms offers lesser oscillatory and better response. The simulation outputs are the MATLAB results obtained for a step input to a third-order plant. Keywords:PID controller, Genetic Algorithm (GA) PID controller.