SUITABLE LOCATION SITES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND DAMS OR HILL LAKES BY THE CONTRIBUTION OF GIS: APPLICATION TO THE PLAIN OF SAÏSS (North, MOROCCO)

Abstract

Artificial recharge of aquifers from meteoric water or treated waste water has become a very convenient answer that allows reconstructing long-term reserves of aquifers, including those affected by over-exploitation. Through operating accentuated reasons for domestic, agricultural and industrial Pliocene-Quaternary the web of Saiss plain Suffers from a decrease in groundwater reserves and the significance of rainwater in semi-arid areas to arid, it was necessary to remedy this condition by the construction of underground dams and hill lakes. Technological tools as promised management and water conservation tend ground than the trickling namely their essential role as the main system artificial recharge of aquifers. The work presented in this paper is based on the goal of identifying, using a geographic information system (GIS), more favorable permeability areas listed for construction of underground dams and reservoirs search site retention and storage of surface area of geomorphologic next to water for their development in the form of small lakes. Things that will guarantee a better infiltration of water into the surface and groundwater certainly ensure the objective of improving their artificial recharge of groundwater conservation and sustainable resources of the plain. The method is made to develop a geographic database while specifying the thematic data on geological, hydrological and hydro-geological in the study area. Processing of the data reveals the existence of two zones of average permeability and four other high permeability endowed with a high drainage density, the latter can be exploited as holding tanks at the surface and are also suitable sites for equipment with underground dams.
Keywords: Groundwater, Plain Sais, Underground dams, Small lakes, GIS